Before they can begin training, new pilots are required to have years of experience as captains of civilian or military vessels. In Puget Sound, our pilots typically come from the deep sea ocean industry, tug boats, the ferry system, or the Coast Guard.

Qualified applicants sit for an extensive written examination given by the State of Washington. This exam is followed by evaluation of the applicant's ship handling skills on a simulator. A variety of real world complications and hazards are presented, and the applicants are evaluated on how well they handle unforeseen events.

The applicants who score highest on the exam and the simulator may be issued a Training License by the state and authorized to move on to the next stage of the evaluation process: The hands on training program.

Hands on training
The initial pilot training program takes between seven months and three years. During this time, under the careful supervision of veteran pilots, trainees perform pilotage on board working vessels in the various ports of Puget Sound. Their performance on each trip is evaluated in writing as to the applicant's basic ship handling skills, knowledge of local waters, and ability to handle the requirements of the job. These evaluations are collected and reviewed by the Washington State Board of Pilotage Commissioners before a license is issued.

Restricted license
If approved, applicants then receive their initial, restricted pilot's license which limits the size and type of vessels they can handle. They must successfully demonstrate competence handling smaller vessels before moving on to larger vessels. For example, during the first year, the new pilot is not allowed to work on loaded tankers or on passenger vessels. During this first year, the pilots are also required to attend a marine simulator for more instruction. The second year, the new pilot can work on small loaded tankers, etc., gradually increasing the size and type of vessels as the years progress.

Unrestricted license
This restricted period last five years, after which time the pilot receives an unrestricted Washington State marine pilot's license. Only after the end of this five-year period is a pilot authorized to handle the largest tankers, container, cargo, and cruise ships.